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目的分析广东地区新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)发病的相关影响因素,探讨本地区的特异性,为其个体化医疗提供理论依据。方法 8759例新生儿作为研究对象,分析孕妇妊娠期高血压、妊娠期贫血、脐带、妊娠期羊水污染等因素与HIE发病的相关性。结果 8759例新生儿,HIE发生率为3.62%。相关影响因素4036例,发生HIE 255例,发生率为6.32%;其他影响因素4723例,发生HIE 62例,发生率为1.31%;相关影响因素HIE发生率高于其他影响因素,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关影响因素中HIE发生率最高的为妊娠期贫血7.02%,随后分别为脐带因素6.97%,妊娠期高血压6.73%,HIE发生率最低的是妊娠期羊水污染3.23%,相关影响因素中的各因素HIE发生率均高于其他影响因素,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广东地区孕妇妊娠期贫血是导致HIE发生的最主要因素,及早的诊断与治疗,能够有效地预防HIE的发生。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in Guangdong and to explore the specificity of this region to provide a theoretical basis for its individualized medical treatment. Methods A total of 8759 neonates were enrolled in this study. The correlation between HIE and the incidence of gestational hypertension, gestational anemia, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid contamination during pregnancy were analyzed. Results 8759 newborns, the incidence of HIE was 3.62%. 4036 cases of related factors, the occurrence of 255 cases of HIE, the incidence was 6.32%; other factors 4723 cases, 62 cases of HIE occurred, the incidence was 1.31%; related factors HIE incidence was higher than other factors, the difference was statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). Among the related factors, the highest incidence of HIE was 7.02% of pregnancy anemia, followed by 6.97% of umbilical cord factors and 6.73% of gestational hypertension respectively. The lowest incidence of HIE was 3.23% of amniotic fluid contamination during pregnancy. Among the related factors The incidence of HIE was higher than other factors, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Pregnant women with anemia in pregnancy in Guangdong area are the most important factors leading to HIE. Early diagnosis and treatment can effectively prevent the occurrence of HIE.