从经济效应、社会效应两个维度分析政府补偿企业科技创新失败项目的效应:从增长效应和替代效应视角,分析政府补偿科技创新失败项目的经济效应;从信号效应和就业乘数效应视角,分析政府补偿科技创新失败项目的社会效应。研究发现:政府对企业科技创新失败项目的补偿能够为各利益相关者带来不同程度的影响。从微观视角来看,政府补偿科技创新失败项目能够在创新领域营造一种“鼓励创新,宽容失败”的创新氛围,使企业有信心、有能力再创新。从宏观视角来看,政府补偿科技创新失败项目不仅有利于解决社会发展中存在的难题及困境,而且能够为社会提供部分就业岗位,促进民生发展。 From the perspectives of growth effect and substitution effect, this paper analyzes the economic effects of government compensation for failed science and technology innovation projects. From the perspective of signal effects and employment multiplier effects, this paper analyzes the effects of government compensation projects on science and technology innovation failures from two dimensions: economic effect and social effect. The Social Effect of Government Compensating for Science and Technology Innovation Failure. The study found that government compensation for the failure of science and technology innovation projects can bring varying degrees of influence to various stakeholders. From a microscopic point of view, the project of compensating for science and technology innovation by the government can create an innovation atmosphere of “encouraging innovation and tolerant failure” in the field of innovation, enabling enterprises to have the confidence and ability to make innovations. From a macro perspective, the government failed to compensate for scientific and technological innovation is not only conducive to solving the problems and difficulties in social development, but also to provide some jobs for the community and promote people’s livelihood.