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土壤宏蛋白质组学在揭示土壤微生物功能、代谢与环境相互作用方面具有广阔的应用前景,但由于土壤样品的特殊性,土壤蛋白质提取步骤是限制土壤宏蛋白质组学大规模应用的瓶颈之一.本文从样品制备、提取方法、影响因素等方面综述了土壤蛋白提取方面的研究进展.一般来说,根据实验目的、蛋白种类及后续研究方法设计相应的分组成收集策略才能取得较好的提取效果.土壤总蛋白、胞内蛋白与胞外蛋白分别有不同的提取方法.总蛋白提取一般采用直接提取法;胞外蛋白不需要裂解;胞内蛋白提取方法有直接提取法和间接提取法等.裂解、浓缩、去除腐殖质的方法以及提取液、pH值的选择等也会影响提取效果.此外,简单介绍了土壤宏蛋白质组学的应用,并对今后的研究工作提出展望.表1参36
Soil macro-proteomics has broad application prospects in revealing the interaction of soil microbial function and metabolism with the environment. However, due to the particularity of soil samples, soil protein extraction steps are one of the bottlenecks that limit the application of macro-proteomics in the soil. In this paper, the progress of research on soil protein extraction is reviewed in terms of sample preparation, extraction methods, influencing factors, etc. In general, we can get better extraction results based on experimental purposes, protein types and subsequent research methods, The soil total protein, intracellular protein and extracellular protein have different extraction methods respectively.The total protein extraction generally adopts the direct extraction method, the extracellular protein does not need to be lysed, the intracellular protein extraction method includes the direct extraction method and the indirect extraction method. In addition, the application of soil macro-proteomics is briefly introduced and the future research work is put forward. Table 1 Reference 36