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证人证言对于查明案件事实,正确审理案件具有重要的作用,然而综合考虑各种社会利益的保护,应赋予证人在某些情况下享有拒绝作证的权利。如亲属间的拒证权,特殊职业拒证权、公务特权、拒绝自陷于罪的权利等。本文从传统伦理道德、特殊职业道德、人权保护等角度分析了我国建立证人拒证权制度的合理性和必要性,并对拒证权制度的具体构建提出了初步设想。
Witness testimony plays an important role in identifying the facts of a case and correctly hearing the case. However, in consideration of the protection of various social interests, witness testimony should be given the right to refuse testification under certain circumstances. Such as the right to refuse to testify between relatives, the right of special occupations to refuse testimony, the privilege of public service, and the right to refuse to be trapped in sin. This paper analyzes the rationality and necessity of establishing the system of witness’s right of refusing to testify from the perspectives of traditional ethics, special professional ethics and protection of human rights, and puts forward some tentative plans for the concrete construction of the system.