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腹泻在现代医学中可分为急性和慢性两大类。急性腹泻发病急,病情多危重;慢性腹泻病因复杂,病程较长,反复发作。目前虽有不少药物可用于治疗,但有多副作用,有时为防止复发,须长时间维持用药。相对西药来说,中药的副用较少,可长期坚持服药,或间断用药。治疗急性腹泻的中药多为性味苦寒,功能清热燥湿;治疗慢性腹泻者,则多具补气、温阳、收涩功效有些且具增强免疫功能。以下略述几味有止泻、且常用的中药及治疗泄泻中的最佳适应证。
Diarrhea can be divided into two major categories, acute and chronic, in modern medicine. The incidence of acute diarrhea is acute and the condition is more critical; the cause of chronic diarrhea is complicated, the course of the disease is long, and recurrent attacks occur. At present, although there are many drugs available for treatment, there are many side effects, and in order to prevent recurrence, it is necessary to maintain medication for a long time. Relative to western medicine, there are fewer side-uses of traditional Chinese medicine, which can be used for long periods of time or intermittently. The traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of acute diarrhea are mostly bitter cold and have a function of clearing heat and dampness. In the treatment of chronic diarrhea, there are some qi-invigorating, warm-yang, and astringent effects and some have enhanced immune function. The following outlines several indications of diarrhea, common Chinese medicines, and the best indications for the treatment of diarrhea.