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目的调查广州市城乡接合部的结核病疫情及社区人群的结核病防治知识现状,分析疫情变化及流行趋势,考核防治效果,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群抽样方法抽取广州市城乡接合部的黄埔、天河、白云、芳村四个新区的6个调查点进行调查,通过结素试验、X线及痰结核菌检查发现肺结核病人。随机抽取流调点的10周岁以上社区居民进行问卷调查,询问5个基本结核病防治知识,涉及预防、症状、传播途径、治疗措施等。结果实际检查10923人,发现活动性肺结核22例,涂阳肺结核2例,活动性肺结核患病率为201.41/10万,菌阳患病率和涂阳患病率均为18.31/10万。结核病防治知识问卷实际调查507人,平均知晓率为52.5%,文化程度高和男性人群的知晓率高,青少年和老年人群的知晓率低。结论广州城乡接合部结核病疫情较2000年广州市平均疫情有上升趋势,社区居民结核病防治知识掌握程度未达到60%的目标,女性、青少年和老年、文化程度低的人群应成为结核病教育的重点对象。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Guangzhou’s urban-rural junction and knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among community groups, analyze the epidemic situation and epidemic trends, evaluate the effect of prevention and treatment, and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and cure measures. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate 6 investigation points in four new districts of Huangpu, Tianhe, Baiyun and Fangcun in the junction of urban and rural areas in Guangzhou. Tuberculosis patients were detected by the tuberculous test, X-ray examination and sputum TB test. A random sample of 10-year-old residents surveyed and asked for information about the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis was conducted to investigate the prevention, symptoms, transmission routes and treatment measures. Results The actual examination of 10923 people, found that 22 cases of active tuberculosis, smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 2 cases, the prevalence of active tuberculosis was 201.41 / 10 million, the prevalence of smear positive and smear positive were 18.31 / 100000. 507 people were surveyed in TB questionnaire, with an average awareness rate of 52.5%. High education level and awareness of male population were high, and there was a low awareness among adolescents and the elderly. Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis in urban-rural junction in Guangzhou is on an upward trend compared with the average outbreak in Guangzhou in 2000, and the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control in community residents does not reach 60%. Women, adolescents and the elderly with low educational attainment should be the focus of tuberculosis education .