论文部分内容阅读
近年来不少学者发现染色体异常与白血病的形态学分型有一定联系,与预后有密切关系,染色体分析对于白血病的诊断、预后和治疗估价已显得越来越重要了。一、急性非淋巴细胞白血病(急非淋) 急非淋最常见的染色体异常有:+8、+9、+21;5或7的全部或部分丢失;t(8;21)、t(15;17)、t(6;9)、t(9;22)、t(9;11)以及11或16号染色体的倒位或丢失。染色体的异常与形态学分型有一定联系。例如16号染色体倒位或丢失常见于伴嗜酸粒细胞增高者,多为M_1或M_2;而嗜碱粒细胞增高者常见t(6;9);11号染色体异常多见于伴有单核细胞成份者(M_4,M_5);t(8;21)常见于M_2,并易见细胞核浆发育不平衡及颗粒异常等改变;而t(15;17)常见于M_3。但似有地区性差别。例如美国芝加哥地区6例M_3均检出t(15;17),而水牛城地区18例中只1例检出。又如M_2的t(8;21)更
In recent years, many scholars have found that chromosomal abnormalities have some connection with the morphological classification of leukemia, which is closely related to prognosis. Chromosome analysis has become more and more important for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of leukemia. First, the acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (acute and non-lymph node metastasis) The most common chromosomal abnormalities are: +8, +9, +21; 5 or 7 all or part of the loss; t (8; 21), t ; 17), t (6; 9), t (9; 22), t (9; 11) and the inversion or loss of chromosome 11 or 16. Chromosome abnormalities and morphological classification have a certain connection. For example, chromosome 16 inversion or loss common in patients with increased eosinophilia, mostly M_1 or M_2; and basophils are common t (6; 9); chromosome 11 more common in patients with mononuclear cells (M_4, M_5); t (8; 21) is common in M_2, and it is easy to see the change of nuclear cytoplasm imbalance and abnormal particles; while t (15; 17) is common in M_3. However, there may be regional differences. For example, six cases of M_3 in the Chicago area were detected t (15; 17), while only 1 of 18 cases were detected in the Buffalo area. Another example is M_2 t (8; 21) more