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目的对下呼吸道感染痰致病菌检验特点进行分析,为疾病防治提供临床依据。方法对医院2014年12月-2015年12月收治的下呼吸道感染患者286例的痰液标本进行涂片检查和细菌培养,分析患者病原性细菌的类别及耐药情况。结果 286份痰标本中检出病原菌共270株,其中革兰阳性球菌71株(26.3%),革兰阴性杆菌160株(59.3%),真菌39株(14.4%)。药敏试验结果显示:肺炎克雷伯菌对左旋氧氟沙星、复方新诺明、头孢曲松有药耐性,大肠埃希菌对左旋氧氟沙星、头孢唑啉、头孢曲松、复方新诺明有药耐性,铜绿假单胞菌对左旋氧氟沙星、亚胺培南、环丙沙星有药耐性,鲍曼不动杆菌对左旋氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、头孢吡肟有耐药性。结论进行痰菌培养及药敏试验,针对性使用抗菌药物,可有效提高临床用药的合理性及可靠性。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of sputum pathogens in lower respiratory tract infection and provide clinical evidence for disease prevention and treatment. Methods Sputum examination and bacterial culture were performed on 286 sputum specimens of patients with lower respiratory tract infection from December 2014 to December 2015 in our hospital. The types of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance were analyzed. Results A total of 270 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 286 sputum specimens, of which 71 (26.3%) were gram-positive cocci, 160 (59.3%) were gram-negative bacilli and 39 (14.4%) were fungi. Drug susceptibility test results showed that: Klebsiella pneumoniae levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, ceftriaxone drug-resistant, Escherichia coli levofloxacin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, compound Cotrimoxazole has drug resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa levofloxacin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin drug resistance, Acinetobacter baumannii levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cephalosporin Pyxime has resistance. Conclusion The sputum culture and drug susceptibility testing, targeted use of antimicrobial agents, which can effectively improve the rationality and reliability of clinical medication.