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目的了解贵州毕节地区儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)细菌病原谱特征。方法收集2011年7月—2013年10月毕节地区448例CAP儿童患者呼吸道痰液样本,进行病原菌培养和PCR法检测患者病原菌。结果70.76%患儿痰液病原学检测呈阳性,其中检出率最高的为肺炎链球菌,占18.08%,流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎卡他莫拉菌和肺炎克雷伯菌分别占10.49%、5.58%和2.46%。0~6个月年龄组的细菌总检出率最高达19.64%,<5岁患儿占细菌总阳性检出率的43.53%。结论毕节地区儿童CAP以肺炎链球菌感染为主,<5岁患儿检出率较高。
Objective To understand the characteristics of bacterial pathogenic profiles of children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Bijie Prefecture of Guizhou Province. Methods A total of 448 children with respiratory tract sputum samples of CAP children in Bijie Prefecture from July 2011 to October 2013 were collected for pathogen culture and PCR to detect pathogenic bacteria. Results 70.76% of children sputum etiological test was positive, of which the highest detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae, accounting for 18.08%, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 10.49% 5.58% and 2.46%. The total detection rate of bacteria in 0 ~ 6 months age group was up to 19.64%. The total positive detection rate of bacteria in children <5 years old was 43.53%. Conclusions The CAP in children in Bijie district is predominantly infected with S. pneumoniae. The detection rate of children younger than 5 years old is higher.