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【目的】为扁桃合理施肥提供科学依据。【方法】以9年生‘叶尔羌’扁桃品种为试材,采用全树体分解取样的方法,分析树体生物量的构成特点、各器官常量元素浓度和累积分配特性。【结果】树体总干质量为112.13 kg/株,其中当年新生营养器官占14.14%,果实占7.72%,多年生营养器官占78.14%。N浓度以种仁最高,叶片次之;P浓度以种皮最高,种仁次之;K浓度以种皮最高,新梢次之;树体矿物质总累积量为N 1 008.43、P 117.44、K 1 381.50、Ca 639.10、Mg 373.29 g/株,其中,N主要分配到叶片、多年生枝、种仁和主干,P主要分配到多年生枝、主干、种仁、种皮和主根,K主要分配到多年生枝、主干、种皮和叶片;扁桃树对K、N、Ca的需求较多,对Mg、P的需求较少,其中,营养器官累积量大小顺序为N>K>Ca>Mg>P;生殖器官累积量大小顺序为K>N>Ca>P>Mg。【结论】每生产1 000 kg干商品扁桃需吸收N 93.54、P 9.56、K 97.50、Ca 56.68和Mg 27.79 kg。
【Objective】 To provide a scientific basis for rational fertilization of almond. 【Method】 The 9-year-old ’Yarkand’ almond varieties were used as materials to analyze the compositional characteristics of tree biomass, the concentration of elements in different organs and their cumulative distribution characteristics. 【Result】 The total dry weight of the tree was 112.13 kg / plant, of which 14.14% were fresh vegetative organs, 7.72% were fruits and 78.14% were perennial vegetative organs. The concentration of N was the highest in seed kernels, followed by the leaves. The highest concentration of P in seed coat and the second in kernels were the highest concentration of K, the highest in seed coat and the second in shoots. The total accumulation of mineral was N 1 008.43 and P 117.44, K 1 381.50, Ca 639.10 and Mg 373.29 g / plant, of which, N mainly distributed in leaves, perennial branches, seed kernels and stems, P mainly distributed in perennial branches, stems, seed kernels, seed coat and main roots, K mainly distributed to perennials Branches, trunk, seed coat and leaves. The demand for K, N and Ca in almond trees was relatively high, while there was less demand for Mg and P in the almond trees. The accumulation order of vegetative organs was N> K> Ca> Mg> P. The cumulative order of genital organs was K> N> Ca> P> Mg. 【Conclusion】 N 93.54, P 9.56, K 97.50, Ca 56.68 and Mg 27.79 kg should be absorbed for every 1 000 kg of dry almond produced.