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为了选择更为敏感，特异，快速的肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的诊断方法。我们建立了碘化钠—异流氰酸胍—氯仿法提取汉坦病毒（HV）核酸（RNA）用于逆转录—聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测不同病型HFRS患者一周内血清中HV－RNA且与酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测HFRS-IgM进行比较。45例HFRS患者血清中HV－RNA阳性率为82．2％，其中轻、中、重型阳性中分别为75％，78.5％，86.9％。HFRS-IgM阳性率55．5％，其中轻、中、重型阳性率分别为37.5％，50.0％，65/2％。RI-PCR法检出率高于ELISA法，差别有显著性。RT-PCR法和ELISA法均可以用于HFRS的早明诊断。但前者更为敏感。
In order to choose a more sensitive, specific and rapid diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). We have established a sodium iodide-guanidine-isocyanurate-chloroform extraction method for detection of hantavirus (HV) nucleic acid (RNA) for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) HV-RNA and compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection of HFRS-IgM. The positive rate of HV-RNA in serum of 45 patients with HFRS was 82.2%, among which 75%, 78.5% and 86.9% were mild, moderate and severe positive respectively. The positive rate of HFRS-IgM was 55.5%. The positive rate of HFRS-IgM was 37.5%, 50.0% and 65/2% respectively. The detection rate of RI-PCR was higher than that of ELISA, the difference was significant. Both RT-PCR and ELISA can be used for the early diagnosis of HFRS. But the former is more sensitive.