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为提高拖拉机的热平衡性能,利用3D和1D流体力学软件联合仿真的方法对其在标定点和最大扭矩点工况进行研究,并结合试验验证,得出此方法对拖拉机热平衡研究可靠性较高。基于此方法对影响拖拉机热平衡因素的环境温度和进入散热器的风量两个因素进行定量分析,得出环境温度对发动机出水口温度影响呈线性变化趋势,而风量对发动机出水口温度影响较为显著,在进入散热器风量较小的情况下,增加风量可以较大的降低发动机出水口的温度。
In order to improve the thermal balance performance of the tractor, the 3D and 1D fluid dynamics software co-simulation method was used to study its working conditions at the calibration point and the maximum torque point. Combining with the experimental verification, the conclusion was drawn that the proposed method is highly reliable for the research of tractor thermal balance. Based on this method, two factors influencing the thermal balance factor of the tractor and the air volume entering the radiator were quantitatively analyzed. It was found that the influence of ambient temperature on the outlet temperature of the engine showed a linear trend, while the influence of air volume on the outlet temperature of the engine was significant. In the case of small amount of air entering the radiator, increasing the air volume can greatly reduce the engine outlet temperature.