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文章基于全球经济一体化的背景,将表征一国贸易竞争力的指标——NTB指数引入到专利质量的评价当中,并建立模型证明了其可行性。文章通过计算国际收支专有权利使用费和特许费的NTB指数对中国专利的竞争力进行了国际比较,发现中国专利的质量总体上十分低下,近11年的NTB指数始终接近于-1,表明中国研发经费投入的增长并未带来专利产出质量的提高。同时,文章对中国专利数据本身进行了分析,通过发明专利占总授权专利数量的比例、发明专利的有效量、专利授权量中职务和非职务专利的结构、国内职务发明专利主体的结构等多个维度验证了使用NTB指数分析中国专利质量的结果,表明将NTB指数引入到专利质量的评价中是可行的。
Based on the background of global economic integration, this paper introduces NTB index, which is an indicator of a country's trade competitiveness, into the evaluation of patent quality and establishes its model to prove its feasibility. The article compares the competitiveness of Chinese patents internationally by calculating the NTB index of royalties and royalties of the balance of payments, and finds that the quality of Chinese patents is generally very low. The NTB index of the past 11 years is always close to -1, It shows that the increase of investment in R & D in China has not brought about an increase in the quality of patent output. At the same time, the article analyzes the patent data of China itself. Through the ratio of the number of invention patents to the total number of patents granted, the effective amount of invention patents, the structure of the patents in the number of patents granted and the structure of the structure of the main body of invention patents in China The result of using NTB index to analyze the quality of Chinese patents verifies the validity of the patent, which indicates that it is feasible to introduce NTB index into the evaluation of patent quality.