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目的:为不同锻炼年限的中老年人太极拳健身运动处方的制定提供科学依据。方法:运用K4b2气体分析仪,选取中老年男性作为研究对象(多年锻炼者17名,初学者20名),测试简化太极拳练习中(安静期、练习期和恢复期),以及不同架势练习的气体代谢与能量消耗指标。结果:太极拳初学者与多年锻炼者恢复期心率(HR)、氧脉搏(VO2/HR)有显著性差异(P<0.05),摄氧量(VO2)、通气量(VE)有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。太极拳练习期,高架势状态下初学者与多年锻炼者相比,通气量、心率、氧脉搏、摄氧量、相对摄氧量(VO2/kg)和能耗(EE)均无显著性差异(P>0.05);多年锻炼者自身高低架动作比较,呼吸频率(RF)、氧脉搏无显著性差异(P>0.05),通气量、心率、能耗有显著性差异(P<0.05),摄氧量、相对摄氧量具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:多年太极拳锻炼者运动后机能恢复较快,其呼吸深度较大,能满足较低架势动作的摄氧需要;多年锻炼者简化太极拳练习中运动强度的差异主要源于练习架势的高低。
Objective: To provide a scientific basis for the formulation of Taijiquan exercise prescription for middle-aged and elderly people with different exercise years. Methods: K4b2 gas analyzer was used to select middle-aged and elderly men as study subjects (17 for many years and 20 for beginners), to test the simplified Taijiquan exercises (quiet period, practice period and recovery period) Gas metabolism and energy consumption indicators. Results: The heart rate (HR) and oxygen pulse (VO2 / HR) of taijiquan beginner and years old were significantly different (P <0.05) and the oxygen uptake (VO2) and ventilation (VE) Difference (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in ventilation rate, heart rate, oxygen pulse rate, oxygen uptake, relative oxygen uptake (VO2 / kg) and energy expenditure (EE) among beginners in tai chi practice and elevated posture (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in respiration frequency (RF) and oxygen pulse rate (P> 0.05) between ventilator, heart rate and energy consumption for many years of exercise (P <0.05) Oxygen uptake, relative oxygen uptake had a very significant difference (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: The performance of Taijiquan exercisers recovered quickly after exercise, and their respiration depth was larger, which could meet the oxygen demand of lower posture movements. The difference of exercise intensity in Taijiquan exercise for many years was mainly due to the height of exercise posture .