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目的:雌激素受体α(ERα)作为雌激素调节骨效应的主要受体在雌激素对骨量和骨代谢的调节中发挥重要的作用,为此本研究比较了17β-雌二醇(E2)和跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠骨组织和子宫ERα蛋白表达影响的异同。方法:将40只健康3月龄雌性SD大鼠,按体重分层后随机分为假手术、去卵巢、雌激素和运动四个组。手术1周后,雌激素组大鼠每周按体重颈部皮下注射三次17β-雌二醇,每次25μg/kg体重。运动组每周进行4次45 min、速度18 m/min、坡度5°的跑台训练。连续给药或运动处理14周后,采用放射免疫法和免疫组织化学法分别检测血清E2水平以及胫骨和子宫ERα蛋白表达的变化。结果:大鼠去卵巢后,子宫重量、子宫重量指数和血清E2水平显著下降,补充外源性17β-雌二醇后,三项指标均显著增加;但运动处理只能增加血清E2水平,对子宫重量和子宫重量指数均无显著影响。子宫ERα蛋白免疫组化结果显示:ERα在去卵巢组子宫内膜腔上皮、腺上皮及基质中的表达显著低于假手术组,而在雌激素组中的表达高于去卵巢组,运动组各部位ERα表达虽有所增加,但是增加的程度远低于雌激素组。胫骨近端ERα蛋白免疫组化结果显示:去卵巢后,胫骨近端骨骺端软骨细胞的细胞核内ERα表达减少,运动和雌激素干预后,胫骨近端ERα表达增加。结论:运动和雌激素处理均能刺激去卵巢大鼠子宫和骨组织ERα蛋白的表达,但运动处理无雌激素处理增加子宫重量的副作用。可见在绝经后骨质疏松的预防中,运动处理可能要优于雌激素处理。
OBJECTIVE: Estrogen receptor α (ERα) plays an important role in the regulation of bone mass and bone metabolism as an estrogen-regulated bone response. To this end, we compared the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) ) And treadmill exercise on the expression of ERαprotein in bone tissue and uterus of ovariectomized rats. Methods: Forty healthy 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation, ovary, estrogen and exercise. One week after the surgery, 17β-estradiol was injected subcutaneously into the estrogen rats three times a week at a weight neck of 25 μg / kg body weight. Exercise group 4 times per week 45 min, speed 18 m / min, slope 5 ° treadmill training. After continuous administration or exercise for 14 weeks, the level of serum E2 and the expression of ERαprotein in tibia and uterus were detected by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry respectively. Results: After ovariectomized, the uterus weight, uterine weight index and serum E2 level decreased significantly. After exogenous 17β-estradiol supplementation, all three indexes increased significantly. However, exercise treatment only increased serum E2 level, Uterine weight and uterine weight index had no significant effect. Uterine ERα protein immunohistochemistry results showed that: ERα in ovarian endometrial epithelium, glandular epithelium and matrix expression was significantly lower than the sham group, while in the estrogen group was higher than the ovariectomized group, exercise group Although the expression of ERα increased in all parts, the degree of increase was much lower than that in estrogen group. The results of immunohistochemistry of ERα protein in the proximal tibia showed that the expression of ERα in the nucleus of chondrocytes in the proximal tibial metaphysis decreased after ovariectomy. The expression of ERα in proximal tibia increased after exercise and estrogen intervention. Conclusion: Both exercise and estrogen treatment can stimulate the expression of ERα protein in the uterus and bone of ovariectomized rats, but there is no adverse effect of estrogen treatment on uterine weight. Visible in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis, exercise treatment may be superior to estrogen treatment.