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土石坝漫顶过程极其复杂,溃决过程研究成果存在诸多争议。采用标准k~ε紊流模型和VOF方法对土石坝水流漫顶过程进行了水气两相流数值模拟,对漫顶过程水流流态、流速分布等进行了详细分析,揭示了坝面切应力分布规律。该规律的发现可以用于解释笔者先前提出的“落点冲蚀”猜想及“剪剥式”冲蚀理论,即漫顶条件下最先发生冲蚀的部位可能在坝坡中上部,漫顶冲蚀以台阶式冲蚀为溃决的主要特征。
The overburden of earth-rock dam is extremely complicated. There are many controversies about the research results of the collapse process. The standard k ~ ε turbulence model and the VOF method were used to simulate the water-vapor two-phase flow in the embankment dam. The fluid flow and velocity distribution in the top-loading process were analyzed in detail. Distribution. The discovery of this rule can be used to explain the author’s hypothesis of “falling-edge erosion” and “scissor-type” erosion theory previously proposed. That is, the site where the erosion occurs first in the flood-top conditions may be in the slope The upper part of the roof eroded the main features of the echelon erosion.