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在当今世界上,人人皆有其名。但人名是怎样产生的?它是不是历来就有的?弄清这些问题,是很有意义的。 一般情况下,素不相识的人见面,首先问对方的名字是什么。但在一些原始部落中,却不是这样,陌生人见面的第一句话便是“你的图腾是什么?”如图腾为狼,则回答说“狼”;如图腾为虎,则说是“虎”。这种现象在澳大利亚土著部落中十分普遍。 为什么一些原始部落存在这种现象?难道人类最初没有个人名字吗?从许多现象来看,人类早期不仅没有个人名字,而且没有群体名称。 图腾产生之前的人类群体,无共同的意识、共同的标志和共同的名称。图腾产生之后,每一个群体都以某种动物或植物作为图腾,并作为群体的标志和名称。这样,图腾意识成为人类早期的共同意识,图腾标志成为人类最早的社会组织标志,图腾名称成为最早的社会组织名称。
Everyone has its name in today’s world. But how do people’s names come from? Has it always been there? It makes sense to understand these issues. Under normal circumstances, acquaintances meet, first ask each other’s name is. But in some primitive tribes, this is not the case. The first sentence of a stranger’s meeting is “What is your totem?” If the totem is a wolf, you answer “wolf.” If the totem is a tiger, you say “ tiger”. This phenomenon is common among indigenous tribes in Australia. Why do some primitive tribes have this phenomenon? Is it true that humans originally did not have a personal name? From many phenomena, in the early days of mankind, there were not only no names but also no group names. Totem generation before the human group, no common sense, common signs and common names. After the emergence of the totem, each group uses an animal or plant as a totem and serves as a symbol and name for the group. In this way, totem awareness becomes the common consciousness of mankind in the early days, and the totem mark becomes the earliest sign of social organization of mankind. The name of totem becomes the earliest name of social organization.