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本文对中西戏剧的话语模式进行了比较,认为西方戏剧的话语模式很早就完成了从叙述到对话的转变,以对话为主导性话语,而中国戏曲则始终综合叙述和对话两种因素,以叙述为主导性话语。文章认为,中西戏剧在话语模式上产生这种差异的原因,首先,在于中西审美观念中文类意识的不同,西方戏剧文类意识的自觉,使其将对话作为确立戏剧文类的基本标准和规范,而中国戏剧文类意识的含混,则使对话因素难以在叙述因素中突出出来;其次,西方戏剧的对话以冲突性为内在结构,中国戏曲中的对话则流于问答,缺少对立冲突的逻辑结构;第三,中西戏剧话语模式的差异与中西文化传统的不同有内在的联系,对话精神是西方文化中的一种思想传统,对话方式在其中得到充分发展,而中国文化则缺少这一思想传统,限制了对话的发展。
This paper compares the modes of discourse between Chinese and Western dramas and argues that the discourse model of Western dramas has long ago completed the transition from narration to dialogue with dialogues as the dominant discourse while Chinese dramas have always integrated narrative and dialogue Narrative as the dominant discourse. The article argues that the reasons why this difference is caused by discourse patterns between Chinese and Western plays are as follows. Firstly, the differences between Chinese and Western sense of aesthetic conception and the consciousness of Western dramatic genre make dialogue the basic standard and norms for the establishment of dramatic genres. , While the ambiguity of genres in Chinese drama genres make it difficult for dialogue elements to be highlighted in narrative factors. Secondly, the dialogue of Western drama takes the conflict as the internal structure, the dialogues in Chinese opera flow to question and answer, and there is a lack of logic of contradiction and conflict Structure; Third, the differences between the modes of discourse of Chinese and Western drama are intrinsically linked to the differences between Chinese and Western cultural traditions. Dialogue is a kind of ideological tradition in Western culture, in which the mode of dialogue is fully developed while Chinese culture lacks this idea Tradition limits the development of dialogue.