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胰升血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)是肠道因进食而分泌的促胰岛素分泌肽,最早发现的胰升血糖素样肽-1是其受体(GLP-1R)激动剂。GLP-1R及GLP-1在神经系统都有广泛的表达。多项体内与体外实验证明GLP-1R可以促进神经细胞的存活,并且GLP-1及其类似物有营养保护神经等多种生理作用。GLP-1R及其激动剂在外周神经系统功能的多样性具体为周围神经保护作用、通过周围神经调节血糖、影响食欲、调节周围神经兴奋性等。GLP-1R激动剂可能会成为一种新型神经保护药物,它对周围神经的保护作用可以用于糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)等周围神经变性疾病的治疗。
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an insulin secretagogue secreted by the gut due to eating and the earliest discovered glucagon-like peptide-1 is its receptor (GLP-1R) agonist. GLP-1R and GLP-1 are widely expressed in the nervous system. A number of in vitro and in vivo experiments show that GLP-1R can promote the survival of nerve cells, and GLP-1 and its analogs have a variety of physiological roles of nourishing nerves and other nutrients. The diverse functions of GLP-1R and its agonists in the peripheral nervous system are specifically peripheral neuroprotection, blood glucose regulation by the peripheral nerves, appetite-affecting and excitability of peripheral nerves. GLP-1R agonists may become a new type of neuroprotective drugs, and its protective effect on the peripheral nerve can be used in the treatment of peripheral neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).