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通过定点定位试验 ,比较了喷灌与常规畦灌条件下农田生态环境、冬小麦光合速率和蒸腾速率的日变化特征以及不同水平的水分利用效率。结果表明 ,喷灌可以明显改善农田生态环境 ,减少作物蒸腾驱动势 ,使气孔阻力增大 ,最终导致蒸腾速率降低 ;在土壤水分相近条件下 ,喷灌条件下叶片的光合速率明显高于畦灌的光合速率 ,而蒸腾速率明显低于畦灌的蒸腾速率 ;喷灌小麦叶片水平水分利用效率和产量水平的水分利用效率均高于畦灌 ,表明在华北平原喷灌是改善农田生态环境和发展节水农业的一个有利措施。
Through the fixed-point experiment, the diurnal variation characteristics of farmland ecological environment, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of winter wheat under sprinkler irrigation and conventional irrigation were compared and the water use efficiency of different levels was compared. The results showed that sprinkling irrigation can significantly improve farmland ecological environment, reduce crop transpiration driving potential, increase stomatal resistance and finally decrease transpiration rate. Under similar soil moisture conditions, photosynthetic rate of sprinkler irrigation was significantly higher than that of irrigation , While the transpiration rate was significantly lower than the transpiration rate of shrub irrigation; the water use efficiency and the water use efficiency of sprinkler wheat were higher than those of shrub irrigation, indicating that sprinkling irrigation in the North China Plain is a favorable measure to improve farmland ecological environment and develop water-saving agriculture .