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丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)被发现已有20多年,人们对HCV的特性已有充分的认识,对HCV感染的治疗也取得了一定进展,但是目前仍无有效的疫苗预防HCV感染。HCV感染者中,有18%~34%在急性期可自发清除病毒。机体自发清除HCV与病毒和宿主的遗传特性有关。本文将从白细胞介素28B与干扰素、主要组织相容性复合体和人类白细胞抗原的基因多态性以及HCV基因型与进化动力学对HCV自发清除和抗病毒效应的影响等方面进行综述。
More than 20 years have passed since the discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV). People are well aware of the characteristics of HCV and some progress has been made in the treatment of HCV infection. However, there are still no effective vaccines to prevent HCV infection. 18% -34% of HCV-infected individuals spontaneously clear the virus in acute phase. Spontaneous clearance of HCV by the body is linked to the genetic characteristics of the virus and the host. This article reviews the genetic polymorphisms of interleukin 28B and interferon, major histocompatibility complex and human leukocyte antigen, and the effects of HCV genotype and evolutionary kinetics on spontaneous HCV clearance and antiviral effect.