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目的调查四川省某地区静脉吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)血清抗体阳转情况及其危险因素,以了解该人群HCV流行的态势。方法以社区为基础在四川省西昌市招募HCV血清抗体阴性的静脉吸毒人群107人,每6个月随访高危吸毒行为和性行为情况,采集血样检测HCV血清抗体。结果队列随访2年,静脉吸毒人群队列保持率为81·3%(87/107),HCV阳转率为38·45/100人年。在多因素Poisson回归模型分析中,性别(RR,2·59;95%CI,1·18~5·65)、年龄(RR,0·52;95%CI,0·28~0·96)、近3个月静脉注射频率≥7次/周(RR,2·68;95%CI,1·33~5·42)和近3个月共用针头或注射器(RR,2·22;95%CI,1·11~4·45)是HCV血清抗体阳转的危险因素。结论静脉吸毒人群HCV新发感染率高,应采取有效的干预措施以减少静脉吸毒人群的共用注射器行为和高危性行为。
Objective To investigate the seroconversion of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and its risk factors in intravenous drug users in a certain area of Sichuan Province in order to know the epidemic situation of HCV in this population. Methods A total of 107 intravenous drug users who were HCV seronegative were enrolled in Xichang City, Sichuan Province. Community-based HCV antibody levels were detected in 107 high-risk drug users and follow-up every 6 months. Results The cohort was followed up for 2 years. The cohort retention rate was 81.3% (87/107) and the HCV positive rate was 38.45 / 100 person-years. In the multivariate Poisson regression model analysis, gender (RR, 2.59; 95% CI, 18.5 · 65), age (RR, 0. 52; 95% CI, 0.28 ~ 0.96) (RR, 2.22%, 95% CI, 1.33-5.42) and needle or syringe sharing for nearly 3 months (RR, 2.22%, 95% CI, CI, 1.1-4.45) are risk factors for HCV seroconversion. Conclusion The rate of new-onset HCV infection in intravenous drug users is high. Effective interventions should be taken to reduce the common syringe behaviors and high-risk behaviors among intravenous drug users.