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目的开展社区人群百日咳血清流行病学调查,评价百日咳免疫水平及影响因素,为百日咳预防控制策略调整提供科学依据。方法选择2013年1月-12月在滨海新区长期居住者,按照地区、年龄、性别等因素分层抽样,分为10个年龄组,每个年龄组采集60份标本,共采集600份血液标本。采用ELISA法检测百日咳抗体水平。结果社区人群百日咳Ig G抗体平均阳性率为50.57%;<7岁人群阳性率(16.42%~34.92%),显著低于≥7岁人群阳性率(50.00%~76.19%);在<7岁人群中,未免疫人群百日咳抗体阳性率为5.56%(主要为<1岁人群),有疫苗接种史人群的百日咳平均抗体阳性率为33.83%。结论社区人群百日咳平均抗体阳性率低,无法起到免疫屏障的保护作用;7岁以上人群抗体阳性率高于7岁以下人群,这与抗体水平随年龄增长而降低的一般趋势相反,提示天津市青少年及成人中存在百日咳自然感染。
Objective To carry out the epidemiological investigation of whooping cough in community population, evaluate the level and influencing factors of pertussis immunization, and provide a scientific basis for the adjustment of prevention and control strategies of pertussis. Methods Long-term residents in Binhai New Area from January to December 2013 were selected and stratified by region, age, sex and other factors and divided into 10 age groups, 60 samples were collected for each age group, 600 blood samples were collected . The level of pertussis antibody was detected by ELISA. Results The average prevalence of pertussis Ig G antibody in community was 50.57%. The positive rate was (16.42% ~ 34.92%) in patients <7 years old, significantly lower than that in patients ≥7 years old (50.00% ~ 76.19% , The positive rate of pertussis antibody in non-immunized population was 5.56% (mainly <1 year old), and the average rate of pertussis antibody in the population with vaccination history was 33.83%. Conclusions The average antibody positive rate of whooping cough in the community is low, which can not protect the immune barrier. The positive rate of antibody in people over 7 years old is higher than that of people under 7 years old, which is contrary to the general trend that antibody level decreases with age, suggesting that Tianjin Pertussis natural infection exists in adolescents and adults.