论文部分内容阅读
多年来在常温和中等压力条件下使用钢制压力容器贮存氢气从未发生过问题。然而,随着空间世纪的到来,火箭试验需要大量氢气,于是采用焊接压力容器贮存极高压力(譬如,67MPa)的氢气,结果造成一些压力容器和压力计的损坏。这些经验以及人们对钢制压力容器贮存压力极高的氢气的关心,促进了钢和其他合金在极高压力的氢中行为研究的开展。有文献指出,在高压氢中,高强度钢拉伸时表现出严重脆化。同在氦中的拉伸性能相比较,屈服强度为1035MPa或更高的马氏体钢和不锈钢在高压(69MPa)氢中的缺口抗张强度下降50～88%,延性下降62～100%。低强度钢的强度和延性也受到影响,只是没有如此严重。无缝压力容器的生产无需焊接,因而不存在焊件上所固有的热影响区和焊缝区的金属显微组织的不均
There have never been any problems with using hydrogen pressure in steel pressure vessels for many years at normal temperature and moderate pressure. However, with the advent of space age, rocket tests required a large amount of hydrogen, so using a pressurized pressure vessel to store extremely high pressures (eg, 67 MPa) of hydrogen resulted in some damage to the pressure vessel and pressure gauge. These experiences, as well as the concern over the storage of hydrogen in steel pressure vessels, have contributed to the development of studies on the behavior of steels and other alloys at very high pressures. It has been reported that in high-pressure hydrogen, high-strength steel exhibits severe embrittlement during stretching. Compared with tensile properties in helium, the notched tensile strength of martensitic and stainless steels with a yield strength of 1035 MPa or higher decreases by 50 to 88% and the ductility by 62 to 100% in high pressure (69 MPa) hydrogen. The strength and ductility of low strength steels are also affected, but not so severe. Seamless pressure vessel production without welding, so there is no weldment on the heat-affected zone and weld metal area uneven metal microstructure