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目的:为发掘疗效显著的民间药用资源,对来源植物刺苋的全草进行系统的形态组织学特征研究,以期建立该药材形态组织学方面的标准。方法:通过观察植物形态和药材性状、利用常规生药制片技术制片并鉴别组织构造特征等方面对刺苋进行品种鉴别。结果:形态观察发现植物叶腋有刺,且部分苞片变成细刺状。药材性状为全草类药材特点,主要包含根、茎、叶。研究的根及茎显微结构中发现存在三生构造,都为多轮同心性异常维管束;叶主脉维管束4个;后含物含有草酸钙簇晶和砂晶,粉末中可见导管、腺毛及非腺毛。结论:通过形态组织特征可很好地鉴别刺苋,可为该药材的种质鉴别和进一步开发应用奠定基础。
OBJECTIVE: In order to find out the medicinal resources with remarkable curative effect, we systematically studied the morphological and histological characteristics of the whole plant of the genus Amaranthus so as to establish the standard of morphology and histology of the medicinal material. Methods: The varieties of Amaranthus indicus were identified by observing the morphological and medicinal properties of plants, producing and identifying the features of tissue structure by using conventional crude drug production techniques. Results: Morphological observation revealed that the plant axils had thorns and some of the bracts became thin thorns. Medicinal herbs traits for the entire grass features, mainly contains roots, stems and leaves. Roots and stems of the study found that there are three structure of the microstructure, are multiple rounds of concentric vascular abnormalities; leaf veins vascular bundle 4; containing calcium oxalate cluster crystals and sand crystals, the catheter can be seen in the powder, Glandular hairs and non-glandular hairs. Conclusion: Amaranthus can be identified by morphological and tissue characteristics, which can lay a foundation for germplasm identification and further development and application of this medicinal material.