总理各国事务衙门(以下简称总理衙门)是在第二次鸦片战争之后,清朝为应对西方各国公使驻京的形势而设置的新机构。该机构成立后,即成为洋务总汇之区,在主导对外交涉的同时,也规划和主持诸如洋税、海防、铁路建设、矿务开发等各类新式事业,在晚清政治、经济、军 The Yamen (Prime Minister Yamen) of the Prime Minister’s Affairs of All Countries (hereinafter referred to as the Yamen) is the new institution set up by the Qing Dynasty in response to the situation of Western foreign ministers in Beijing after the Second Opium War. After the founding of the institution, it became the focal point of the Westernization Movement. While leading foreign diplomacy, it also planned and presided over various new businesses such as foreign taxes, coastal defense, railway construction and mining development. In the late Qing Dynasty, the political, economic and military forces