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答:喘定(丙羟茶碱)与氨茶碱均是平喘药,前者系茶碱的中性衍生物,在胃液中稳定,有扩张支气管及冠状动脉的作用,后者系茶碱的乙烯双胺衍生物,水溶液呈碱性,露置空气中即逐渐吸收CO_2而析出茶碱,使溶液呈现混浊。遇酸性药时也能析出茶碱。喘定松弛支气管平滑肌作用弱于氨茶碱,但在哮喘伴有明显心动过速时,则宜选用喘定,因其心脏兴奋作用较弱。哮喘伴有胃肠疾患如胃炎、胃十二指肠溃疡等,选用pH呈中性、对胃刺激小的喘定胜于碱性较强、局部刺激性大的氨茶碱。小儿哮喘不宜选用氨茶碱,因对中枢神经系统有兴奋作用,小儿对此药较
A: asthma (warfarin) and aminophylline are antiasthmatic drugs, the former is a neutral derivative of theophylline, stable in the gastric juice, the expansion of bronchial and coronary artery, the latter is theophylline Ethylenediamine derivatives, the aqueous solution was alkaline, that is exposed to the air gradually absorbed CO_2 and theophylline precipitation, the solution appears cloudy. In case of acidic drugs can precipitate theophylline. Asthma relaxation bronchial smooth muscle weakness than aminophylline, but with significant tachycardia in asthma, it should be used whey, because of its weak excitement of the heart. Asthma associated with gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer, the selection of pH was neutral, less stomach irritation than the more alkaline, local irritating aminophylline. Aminophylline should not be used in children with asthma, due to the excitement of the central nervous system, children with this drug than