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为了解农村贫困地区女性生殖道感染现状,对世界银行贷款“加强中国农村贫困地区基本卫生服务项目”(简称卫生Ⅷ项目)贵州省大方县、山西省榆社县、河南省嵩县、青海省互助县的12个乡镇36个村的722名已婚育龄妇女进行了问卷调查,并在12个村开展了参与式农村评估(PRA)调研。调研发现:在被调查妇女中最近半年内有各种生殖道感染症状者占36.3％,就诊率仅为26.3％。就诊地点乡卫生院为57.4％,村卫生室为29.5％,57.4％的就诊者治愈。调查表明:贫困农村妇女有很高的生殖道感染症状报告率,表明女性生殖道感染的情况严峻。自诉症状的妇女中相当大的一部分从未寻求过诊治服务,提示这些地区妇女对寻求生殖道感染诊治服务的重要性认识严重不足。农村妇女对现有服务利用不足,是否与乡、村两级对女性生殖道感染的诊治能力较差有关,可考虑作进一步研究。针对以上问题,作者认为在卫Ⅷ项目地区应将生殖道感染疾病的诊治和预防放在重要位置。(1)开展健康促进活动。(2)加强对乡、村级卫生服务提供者的培训。在缺乏实验室检测条件下,可应用综合病症管理方法。
In order to understand the status quo of female genital tract infection in poverty-stricken rural areas, the paper reviews the World Bank loan “Strengthening Basic Health Services in Rural China’s Poor Areas” (Dafang Project), Dafang County of Guizhou Province, Yushe County of Shanxi Province, Song County of Henan Province, Qinghai Province A survey was conducted on 722 married women of childbearing age in 36 villages in 12 townships in Huzhu County and a Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) survey was conducted in 12 villages. The survey found that among the women surveyed in the past six months, there are 36.3% of all kinds of symptoms of genital tract infection, the consultation rate was only 26.3%. 57.4% of township health centers and 29.5% of village clinics were visited at the place of treatment, and 57.4% of the patients were cured. Surveys show that poor rural women have high rates of reported symptoms of reproductive tract infections, indicating a severe condition of female genital tract infections. A significant proportion of women who complained of their own symptoms had never sought treatment services, suggesting that women in these areas are seriously understated in the importance of seeking treatment services for reproductive tract infections. Inadequate utilization of existing services by rural women is related to the poor ability of diagnosis and treatment of female genital tract infections at township and village levels and may be considered for further study. In response to the above problems, the author believes that in the Ⅷ Ⅷ area should pay attention to the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive tract infections and prevention in an important position. (1) carry out health promotion activities. (2) Strengthen the training of township and village health service providers. In the absence of laboratory testing, comprehensive disease management can be applied.