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目的了解虹口区小学生学习日户外活动和间歇用眼现状,为学校防治近视等健康教育工作开展提供依据。方法随机整群抽取虹口区6所小学的三、四年级学生共1 609名,调查学习日课间、午间、体育活动课及放学后户外活动和间歇用眼现状。结果周一至周五课间、午间、体育活动课,周一至周四及周五放学后学生户外活动报告率分别为35.6%,9.8%,82.5%,38.6%和52.5%,课间10 min休息男生户外活动报告率明显高于女生,重点学校学生高于普通学校学生(P值均<0.05);教师课间拖堂、不允许学生到走廊玩和到教学楼外玩的报告率分别为59.8%,24.8%,75.0%,教师午间上课或让学生补做作业的报告率为48.9%,79.7%,体育活动课教师补课和上课的报告率为71.0%。在放学后的交通方式中,家长开车或自行车接的比例最高,为49.9%,走路回家的占36.8%,自己骑自行车回家占2.5%。结论虹口区小学生户外活动率较低,教师利用休息时间补课、拖堂现象严重。需加强对学校的管理及对教师和家长的健康教育宣传。
Objective To understand the outdoor activities and intermittent eyesight status of pupils in Hongkou District during the study day and provide the basis for health education such as school prevention and treatment of myopia. Methods A total of 1,609 third and fourth graders were randomly selected from 6 primary schools in Hongkou District to investigate the current status of outdoor activities and intermittent eyes after class, midday, physical activity class and after school. Results The reported rates of outdoor activities of students during classes, midday, sports classes, and after school from Monday to Friday were 35.6%, 9.8%, 82.5%, 38.6% and 52.5%, respectively, and were suspended for 10 minutes The reported rate of boys outdoor activities was significantly higher than that of girls, and the key school students were higher than that of ordinary school students (P <0.05). The reported rates of teachers who dragged classrooms and did not allow students to go to the corridors and play outside the school buildings were 59.8% , 24.8% and 75.0% respectively. The report rate of teachers in midday classes or letting students do homework assignments was 48.9% and 79.7% respectively, and the report rate of physical education teachers making up classes and classes was 71.0%. After school, the percentage of parents driving or cycling was the highest, 49.9%, walking home 36.8%, and riding bicycles 2.5%. Conclusion The outdoor activities rate of pupils in Hongkou District is relatively low. Teachers use the rest time to make up classes. Need to strengthen the management of schools and health education of teachers and parents.