论文部分内容阅读
1790年代,在激烈的党派斗争中,联邦党与共和党都利用报刊等出版物传播观点,希望赢得民心。1798年,联邦党人促成颁布《惩治煽动叛乱法》,意图阻止共和党“煽动反对”政府,维护社会稳定。随着法令的颁布与实施,除了共和党,还有众多报刊编辑与普通民众参与到反对法令的活动与争论中。在广泛而深入的争论中,联邦党与反对派阐述各自立场,并将他们的主张付诸实践。这个动态的过程充分调动了报刊、小册子与其他公共媒介的能量,政治精英与“人民”通过这些公共媒介展开互动。尽管“公共领域”在相当长的一段时间内仍然是党派斗争的工具,但是围绕法令的争论与行动在客观上使“公共领域”成为美国早期民主运行的重要媒介。
During the fierce political factional struggle in the 1790s, both the Federalist Party and Republican Party used newspapers and other publications to spread their views and hoped to win popular support. In 1798, the Federalists facilitated the promulgation of the Law on Punishing and Inciting Rebellions in an attempt to stop the Republican Party’s government of “incite opposition” and maintain social stability. With the promulgation and implementation of the decree, in addition to the Republican Party, many editors and ordinary people participate in the activities and debates opposing the decree. In broad and in-depth debates, the Federalists and opposition groups set forth their positions and put their ideas into practice. This dynamic process has fully mobilized the power of newspapers, brochures and other public media through which the political elites and the “people” interact. Although “public domain ” remains a tool for partisan struggles for quite a long period of time, the controversy and actions surrounding the decree objectively made “public domain ” an important medium for the early democratic operation of the United States.