本文主要根据石臼港开敞式煤码头工程引桥桥墩附近的水深测量和有关的水文测验资料,分析了桥墩周围海底的局部冲刷问题。文中还综述了在波、流作用下墩式建筑物周围局部冲刷的现有研究试验成果,以与实测结果作对比。一些资料表明,当水底流速大于泥沙的起动流速时,对于埋入或直接置于平坦沙底的圆墩,其冲刷坑的直径约为6d(d为墩的直径),最大冲刷深度可达1.5d,在波浪作用下的最大冲刷深度稍小,约为1.4d。 石臼港引桥沉箱墩均安放在开挖基坑中的抛石基床上,实测冲刷情况远较上述数值为小。分析表明,这是因为两种情况的建筑物附近的边界条件不同,在圆墩位于基坑中的情况下,水流通过引桥时,圆墩附近的流速增加得较少。而圆墩附近的流速将对局部冲刷起重要的作用。 This paper mainly based on the Shijiu port open coal pier project near the bridge pier measuring the depth of water and related hydrographic test data to analyze the local scouring around the piers submarine. The article also summarizes the existing research results of the local scour around the piers under the action of waves and currents, and compares them with the measured results. Some data indicate that when the bottom flow rate is greater than the start-up velocity of sediment, the diameter of the scouring pit for a round pier embedded or placed directly on a flat sand bottom is about 6 d (d is the diameter of the pier) and the maximum scour depth 1.5d, the maximum scour depth under wave action is slightly smaller, about 1.4d. Shijiu harbor approach caisson pier are placed in the excavation of the pit in the rubble bed, the actual situation is far less than the scour. The analysis shows that this is because the boundary conditions are different near the building in both cases. When the circular pier is located in the foundation pit, the flow velocity near the circular piers increases less when the water flows through the approach bridge. The velocity near the circular piers will play an important role in the local erosion.