我国的城乡社会保障有着明显的二元化特征。二元社会保障体系曾有积极作用 ,但它的固化使城乡统一的社会保障体系的建立变得困难。今后我国的社会保障制度改革应从城乡结合的立场出发 ,根据我国社会转型的实际并借鉴国际成熟经验 ,以社会保险为核心 ,循序渐进地扩大现代社会保障制度的覆盖面 ,最终实现“国民皆保险”或社会保障体系的城乡整合 ,使城乡居民能够实质平等地分享国家经济与社会发展的成果 China’s urban and rural social security has obvious duality characteristics. The dual social security system has had a positive effect, but its solidification has made the establishment of a unified social security system in urban and rural areas difficult. In the future, the reform of social security system in our country should proceed from the combination of urban and rural areas. Based on the reality of social transformation in our country and drawing on international mature experience, social insurance should be used as the core to gradually expand the coverage of modern social security system and eventually achieve “national insurance” or The urban-rural integration of the social security system enables urban and rural residents to share the fruits of national economic and social development in an essentially equal manner