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1973年,美国心理学家弗登伯格(H.J.Freudenberger)在《职业心理学》杂志上首次提出了职业倦怠(burn-out)这个词语。他认为,职业倦怠是指个体在体力、精力和能力上都无法应付外界的要求而产生的身心疲劳与耗竭的状态。1981年玛勒诗等人确定了职业倦怠的三个核心成分:①情绪衰竭,
In 1973, the American psychologist H.J. Freudenberger first proposed the word burn-out in Occupational Psychology. He believes that job burnout refers to the physical, mental and physical exhaustion of the individual in the physical, mental and physical capabilities are unable to cope with the requirements of the outside world. In 1981, Mahler poem and others identified the three core components of job burnout: ① emotional exhaustion,