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尤金·奥尼尔在20世纪20年代创作了不少与清教有关的戏剧。在这些戏剧中他批判了清教对人性的压抑和扭曲,同时也把清教中固有的一些宿命因素融入自己的悲剧创作中,使之构成其戏剧艺术的一个要素。以往的评论只涉及到奥尼尔对清教的批判,尚未揭示其批判动因,更未曾关注清教与奥尼尔戏剧创作之间的联系,但这对人们认识奥尼尔的戏剧创作至关重要。本文试图从思想和艺术两个方面对奥尼尔的清教戏剧进行分析,从中寻绎美国清教对奥尼尔戏剧创作所产生的影响。
Eugene O’Neill created quite a number of Puritan-related plays in the 1920s. In these plays, he criticized the repression and distortion of human nature by Puritanism and at the same time integrated some destiny factors inherent in Puritanism into his own tragedy creation, making it an element of his dramatic art. Previous reviews only dealt with O’Neill’s critique of Puritanism but did not reveal the reasons for his criticism. He even paid no attention to the connection between Puritanism and O’Neill’s drama creation, but it was very important for people to understand O’Neill’s dramatic creation. This article attempts to analyze O’Neill’s Puritanism drama from two aspects of thought and art, and find out the influence of the American Puritanism on O’Neill’s dramatic creation.