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目的分析小川型霍乱弧菌的致病相关基因型,探讨广州地区小川型霍乱流行趋势和规律。方法采用多重PCR方法检测小川型菌株的4种致病相关基因,应用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(PFGE)对菌株进行分子分型,对PFGE图谱采用分子分型软件BioNumerics Version 4.0进行聚类分析。结果广州地区小川型菌株中存在3种致病相关基因型,即A型、B型和C型,20%感染者分离株为致病相关基因A型,80%环境分离株为致病相关基因C型。25株霍乱弧菌分为14个不同的PFGE型,归为3个聚类群(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ群)。每一次小川型暴发中分离的菌株PFGE克隆型相同或相近,而散发病例分离株与暴发株的PFGE型有些相同,有的差异较大。环境小川型菌株中存在PFGE克隆型的多样性,部分环境株与感染者分离株具有相近的PFGE型。结论应建立广州地区霍乱菌株的PFGE分子分型数据库,加强霍乱的预防、控制和预警。
Objective To analyze the pathogenicity-related genotypes of Ogawa-type Vibrio cholerae and to explore the epidemic trends and laws of Ogawa-type cholera in Guangzhou. Methods Four kinds of pathogenicity-related genes of Ogawa-type strains were detected by multiplex PCR. The strains were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The PFGE patterns were analyzed by BioNumerics Version 4.0. Results There were 3 pathogenicity-related genotypes in Ogawa-type strains in Guangzhou, ie type A, B and C, 20% of isolates were disease-associated gene type A and 80% of isolates were disease-related genes C type. Twenty five strains of V. cholerae were divided into 14 different PFGE types and grouped into three cluster groups (Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ). The PFGE clones of isolates isolated from each Ogawa-type outbreak were the same or similar, whereas the PFGE types of isolates from outbreaks were somewhat different from those of the outbreaks. There was a diversity of PFGE clones in the Ogawa-type strains of the environment, and some of the environmental strains and the infected isolates had similar PFGE patterns. Conclusion The PFGE molecular typing database of cholera strains in Guangzhou should be established to enhance the prevention, control and early warning of cholera.