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针对忻州窑煤矿11#煤层回采时临空煤柱侧巷道多发冲击地压的现状,在煤岩物理力学性质测试和冲击地压发生规律分析的基础上,通过计算坚硬悬顶下煤柱的受力状态,分析了临空煤柱巷道侧冲击地压的成因和受夹持煤体的冲击失稳过程,根据11#煤层及顶底板条件,制定了利用瓦斯巷开展断顶卸压爆破的解危方案。研究发现,临空侧煤柱的冲击失稳与工作面周期来压具有相关性,强制放顶不到位造成煤柱两侧形成坚硬长悬板,是诱发煤柱冲击失稳的能量来源;断顶卸压爆破可以有效切断坚硬悬板对煤柱的应力传递,电磁辐射、矿压和微震等监测数据显示,断顶爆破后煤帮电磁辐射强度降低约68%,单体液压支柱应力降低约20%,钻孔应力降低约80%,有效降低了煤柱的冲击危险性。
Aiming at the present situation of multiple bursting ground pressure at the side of roadway in the coal pillar of Xinzhouyao coal mine, when mining 11 # coal seam, based on the physical and mechanical properties of coal rock and the analysis of the rule of rockburst, Based on the conditions of No.11 coal seam and roof and floor, the solution to the pressure relief blasting by broken roof in Gas Lane was developed Dangerous program. It is found that the impact instability of the pontoon side pillars has a correlation with the pressure of the face of the working face. Forcing the roof not to be in place causes the formation of hard and long suspension plates on both sides of the pillars, which is the energy source for inducing the pounding instability. The top pressure relief blasting can effectively cut off the stress transmission of the coal pillar by the hard suspension board. The monitoring data such as electromagnetic radiation, rock pressure and microseismic show that the intensity of coal radiation after the roof blasting is reduced by about 68% and the stress of the single hydraulic prop 20%, drilling stress reduced by about 80%, effectively reducing the impact of coal pillar risk.