目的探讨应用钛网重建外耳道后壁并上鼓室外侧壁开放式鼓室成形术中的手术疗效。方法胆脂瘤型及骨疡型中耳炎患者32例(32耳)根治病灶后,均应用钛网重建外耳道后壁并上鼓室外侧壁,同期行开放式鼓室成形术。结果术后30耳外耳道形态接近正常生理状态,29耳鼓膜移植物生长良好,干耳率90.62%,干耳时间平均(15.89±4.02)d。术后气导听力提高在15dBHL以上者27耳,区骨导差<20dBHL者22耳。结论应用钛网重建外耳道后壁并上鼓室外侧壁的开放式鼓室成形术,可较好地恢复外耳道和中耳的解剖结构和生理功能,患者听力提高远期效果显著。 Objective To investigate the surgical effect of reconstructing the posterior wall of external auditory canal with tympanic mesh and open tympanoplasty on the lateral wall of tympanum. Methods 32 patients (32 ears) with cholesteatoma and type otitis media were treated with titanium net reconstruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory meatus and the lateral wall of the tympanic membrane. Open tympanoplasty was performed in the same period. Results The morphology of the external auditory meatus of 30 ears after operation was close to the normal physiological state, and the eardrum graft was well-developed. The dry ear rate was 90.62% and the average dry ear time was 15.89 ± 4.02 d. Postoperative air conduction hearing improvement in more than 15dBHL 27 ears, bone conduction difference <20dBHL 22 ears. Conclusion Reconstruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal by the titanium mesh and the open tympanoplasty on the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity can well restore the anatomic structure and physiological functions of the external auditory canal and the middle ear.