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目的了解阜阳市城郊小学生烧伤发生现状及其影响因素,为预防小学生烧伤的发生提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,随机抽取阜阳市城郊2所小学,共调查小学生1 223名,分析小学生烧伤发生情况及影响因素。结果 1 223名小学生中,检出烧伤者126名,检出率为10.3%。其中男生烧伤90名,女生烧伤36名,男生烧伤检出率(14.2%)高于女生(6.1%)(χ~2=21.768,P<0.05);不同年级组学生烧伤检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=24.496,P<0.05),一、二年级组最高(15.3%),五、六年级组最低(4.8%)。热水烫伤占烧伤原因构成中最高,为69.8%。农村务工家庭及监护人文化程度为小学及以下的小学生烧伤检出率最高,分别为8.3%,6.9%。多因素分析结果显示,性别、年级、家庭类型及监护人文化程度等是小学生烧伤的主要影响因素(OR值分别为0.669,0.776,0.694,0.760)。结论阜阳市城郊小学生烧伤检出率较高。建议从学校、家庭、社会等方面加大健康教育力度,以降低小学生烧伤的发生。
Objective To understand the current situation and influential factors of burns among students in suburban Fuyang City and provide references for preventing the occurrence of burns among pupils. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 2 223 primary schools in Fuyang City and investigate the incidence and influencing factors of primary school students’ burns. Results Of 1,223 primary school students, 126 were detected as burns, with a detection rate of 10.3%. Among them, 90 male boys and 36 female girls got burns. The incidence of burns among boys was 14.2% higher than that of girls (6.1%) (χ ~ 2 = 21.768, P <0.05) (Χ ~ 2 = 24.496, P <0.05), the highest in the first and second grades (15.3%) and the lowest in the fifth and sixth grades (4.8%). Hot water scalds accounted for the highest cause of burn, 69.8%. Rural migrant workers and their guardians have the highest detection rates of burn injuries among primary school pupils and below, with 8.3% and 6.9% respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed that sex, grade, family type and guardian’s educational level were the main influential factors of primary school burn (OR = 0.669,0.776,0.694,0.760 respectively). Conclusion Fuyang City suburbs pupils higher detection rate of burns. It is suggested to increase health education from the aspects of schools, families and society so as to reduce the incidence of burns among pupils.