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[目的]为有效克服传统生物农药有效成分吸收慢、药效持久性短和药效不稳定的弱点,对纳米银制备及提高生防菌抗菌活性进行了研究。[方法]利用化学液相还原法,在氨水存在的情况下,以抗坏血酸作为还原剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为保护剂,还原氨银溶液,制备纳米银;以番茄灰霉病菌和白菜软腐病菌为供试菌,进行纳米银与生防菌剂协同抗菌作用的研究。[结果]经富集、清洗、超声处理后得到的纳米银,扫描电子显微镜鉴定其平均粒径在100 nm以内,形状规则,纯度在90%以上;纳米银与硫酸链霉素对白菜软腐病菌的共毒系数为244.3,对大肠杆菌为315.4。[结论]纳米银可有效提高拮抗菌的拮抗活性,完全抑制灰霉病菌丝生长;其与硫酸链霉素结合可显著提高对白菜软腐病菌的抑制作用。
[Objective] The study aimed to overcome the weakness of slow absorption, short lasting efficacy and unstable pharmacodynamics of traditional bio-pesticides, and to study the preparation of nano-silver and improve the antimicrobial activity of nano-silver. [Method] The chemical liquid phase reduction method was used to prepare silver nanosilver in the presence of ammonia water using ascorbic acid as reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone as protective agent, For test bacteria, nano-silver and biocontrol agent antibacterial synergistic effect. [Result] The nanosilver obtained by enrichment, washing and sonication showed that the average size of the nanosilver was less than 100 nm under the scanning electron microscope. The shape of the nanosilver was more than 90% Co-toxicity coefficient of bacteria was 244.3, for E. coli was 315.4. [Conclusion] Nano-silver could effectively increase the antagonistic activity of antagonistic bacteria and completely inhibit the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea. The combination of streptomycin sulfate and streptomycin could significantly inhibit the inhibition of cabbage soft rot fungi.