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1.前言和固定通信相比较,移动通信受到的最苛刻的制约正是“天线与传播”。一般移动台天线较低,故受周围的地形和建筑物的直接影响,电波成复杂的多径传播,产生快速的深度衰落。这一多径衰落是移动传播中特有的现象,直接影响到通信质量。天线也有许多移动通信特有的问题,如小型化、减小传播失真和干扰、多信道共用等。本文的内容与本刊以前曾发表的专集中的文章有部分重复,但本文将侧重于移动通信特有的天线与传播问题的发展作一综述。
1. Preface Compared with fixed communications, the most severe constraint on mobile communications is the “antenna and communications.” The general mobile station antenna is low, so by the direct impact of the surrounding terrain and buildings, radio waves into complex multipath propagation, resulting in rapid depth decline. This multi-path fading is a unique phenomenon in mobile communications that directly affects the quality of communications. Antennas also have many problems that are unique to mobile communications, such as miniaturization, reduction of propagation distortion and interference, multi-channel sharing and the like. The content of this article is partially overlapped with the articles in the previous issue of this magazine, but this article will give a general overview of the development of the antenna and propagation problems that are peculiar to mobile communications.