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对小桐子22个产地种子性状及苗期生长差异进行研究,共测定种子千粒重、纵径、横径、侧径、纵横径比、出苗率、苗高、地径等8个指标。分析表明不同产地小桐子种子形态、出苗率及苗高存在显著差异,但地径无显著差异。种子大小具有一定的经向变异。种子大小及千粒重分别受产地的年均温及降雨量影响。种子形态及千粒重与苗高、地径等生长特征无相关性,但种子千粒重对出苗率有较大的影响。根据种子形态特征将22个产地种子性状自然分布区初步划分为三个组群。结果表明:小桐子种子及苗期生长产地间存在一定分化,具有种源选择潜力;不能仅依据种子形态对幼苗生长做预测;较大区域内种子调拨及生产潜力大。研究结果对于小桐子种源选择及种子调拨生产等具有重要参考价值。
The differences of seed traits and seedling growth among the 22 producing areas of Jatropha curcas were studied. Eight indexes of seed weight, length, diameter, lateral diameter, aspect ratio, germination rate, seedling height and diameter were measured. Analysis showed that there were significant differences in seed morphology, seedling emergence and seedling height of Jatropha curcas in different areas, but there was no significant difference in diameter. Seed size has a certain degree of variation. Seed size and grain weight were affected by the annual average temperature and rainfall. There was no correlation between seed morphology and 1000-grain weight and seedling height, diameter and other growth characteristics, but seed weight had a greater impact on the emergence rate. According to the morphological characteristics of seed, 22 natural distributions of seed germplasm were initially divided into three groups. The results showed that the seedlings of Jatropha curcas seedlings had different seedling growth potential and potential for seed selection. Seedling growth could not be predicted based only on seed morphology. Seed allocation and production potential were greater in larger areas. The results of this study have important reference value for Jatropha species selection and seed allocation.