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Where表示地点,是空间的诠释,但在定语从句中,常常有那么一些名词,它们的后面也接where所引导的定语从句。这些少量的名词,本身并非地点,因此在定语从句中遇到,往往让你觉得飘忽不定,难以琢磨。其实它们都有一个共同点:空间感,可以翻译为“在……中”。
来看2012年重庆的一道高考题:
1.Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
A.which B.that C.when D.where
此题定语从句的先行词position很容易让你误会答案在A和B里选,但这里的position需要用where来引导,这是因为where也可以表示抽象意义的地点,呈现一种空间感。这里position后的这个where就可以翻译成:在这个职位中,交流能力和销售技巧同等重要。
2.It’ s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
A.that B.when C.which D.where
此题答案选D,这是因为situation后面用where引导同样呈现了一种抽象的空间感,可以译作:在这种情境中。
3.—What do you think of teaching,Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A.where B.which C.when D.that
该题因为从句中有主语和宾语,所以先行词job 在从句中做状语指的是in this job。在这种工作中,你做着严肃而又有趣的事,把先行词job 放回到从句中就是you are doing something serious but interesting in the job。选A。
4.I’ ll give you my friend’ s home address,______ I can be reached most evenings.
A.which?????B.when C.whom?????D.where
此题横线后的定语从句有主谓宾,是完整的句子,因此横线处应该填上关系副词,这样首先排除A项和C项两个关系代词,address指时间,肯定不可能选择,排除B项,答案锁定D。这里的where所呈现出来的同样是一种空间感的概念,意为at my friend’ s home address。
5.After graduation she reached a point in her career _____she had to decide what to do.
A.that B.what C.which D.where
答案选D项。Point后用where引导定语从句所呈现的空间感为at the point或者to the point,到某个程度或者在某个程度的意思,或者干脆译为在这个程度的状况中等。空间感也是十分明显。
6.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_____sight matters more than hearing.
A.when B.whose C.which D.where
答案选D。先行词activity,它所呈现的空间感是in the activity的意思,在这种活动中,视觉比听觉更要紧。
由于where本身是关系副词,因此其后引导的定语从句必须是完整的句子,也就是说主语、宾语或者表语不能缺少。若非如此,即使该词存在有where的这种特殊用法,也不能选where。比如,就point来举两个例子:
7.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A.which B.that C.where D.when
8.—Do you have anything to say for yourself?
—Yes,there’ s one point ____ we must insist on.
A.why B.where C.how D./
第七题答案选C,而第八题答案则选D,做insist on的宾语,关系代词可以省略。
Where的这种特殊用法,除了上述涉及的词汇,还有condition等。那么究竟有多少这种词呢?说多不多,说少也不少,但切记一点:where无论是具体的地点还是抽象的概念,它都呈现了一种空间感,无论where出现在哪里,它就是个“地点”而已。
来看2012年重庆的一道高考题:
1.Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
A.which B.that C.when D.where
此题定语从句的先行词position很容易让你误会答案在A和B里选,但这里的position需要用where来引导,这是因为where也可以表示抽象意义的地点,呈现一种空间感。这里position后的这个where就可以翻译成:在这个职位中,交流能力和销售技巧同等重要。
2.It’ s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
A.that B.when C.which D.where
此题答案选D,这是因为situation后面用where引导同样呈现了一种抽象的空间感,可以译作:在这种情境中。
3.—What do you think of teaching,Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A.where B.which C.when D.that
该题因为从句中有主语和宾语,所以先行词job 在从句中做状语指的是in this job。在这种工作中,你做着严肃而又有趣的事,把先行词job 放回到从句中就是you are doing something serious but interesting in the job。选A。
4.I’ ll give you my friend’ s home address,______ I can be reached most evenings.
A.which?????B.when C.whom?????D.where
此题横线后的定语从句有主谓宾,是完整的句子,因此横线处应该填上关系副词,这样首先排除A项和C项两个关系代词,address指时间,肯定不可能选择,排除B项,答案锁定D。这里的where所呈现出来的同样是一种空间感的概念,意为at my friend’ s home address。
5.After graduation she reached a point in her career _____she had to decide what to do.
A.that B.what C.which D.where
答案选D项。Point后用where引导定语从句所呈现的空间感为at the point或者to the point,到某个程度或者在某个程度的意思,或者干脆译为在这个程度的状况中等。空间感也是十分明显。
6.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_____sight matters more than hearing.
A.when B.whose C.which D.where
答案选D。先行词activity,它所呈现的空间感是in the activity的意思,在这种活动中,视觉比听觉更要紧。
由于where本身是关系副词,因此其后引导的定语从句必须是完整的句子,也就是说主语、宾语或者表语不能缺少。若非如此,即使该词存在有where的这种特殊用法,也不能选where。比如,就point来举两个例子:
7.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A.which B.that C.where D.when
8.—Do you have anything to say for yourself?
—Yes,there’ s one point ____ we must insist on.
A.why B.where C.how D./
第七题答案选C,而第八题答案则选D,做insist on的宾语,关系代词可以省略。
Where的这种特殊用法,除了上述涉及的词汇,还有condition等。那么究竟有多少这种词呢?说多不多,说少也不少,但切记一点:where无论是具体的地点还是抽象的概念,它都呈现了一种空间感,无论where出现在哪里,它就是个“地点”而已。