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一架为英日机器翻譯試驗目的用的全部半导体化的計算机最近已制造成功了。程序試驗目前正在进行。本文是描述在这架名为“Yamato(大和)”的专用計算机上的翻譯原理和程序框图的組織。 Yamato机器的开关元件一共用了600个半导体三极管和7000个锗二极管。它既能以可变字长工作又能以固定字长工作,并能完成46种不同的“1+1”地址代碼的指令。数据記存在磁鼓上,共有820,000个二进位。磁鼓上記有四部詞典:英語单詞詞典、成語詞典、句法詞典和日語詞典,以及一个近4000条指令的翻譯程序(每条指令长32位)。在查英語詞典时,在句子中所給出的每个英語单詞都应轉变为一个8个記号的信息組,它指出这个英語单詞的語法特性和对应的日語单詞的位置。由于英日这两种語言的語法結构差別很大,要象在欧洲語系間所能进行的逐詞翻譯,对这两种語言来說通常是不行的。程序用来找出要翻譯的英語句子的語法結构并調整其中各个詞的次序,使它符合对应的日語語法。在詞序調整完毕后,每个8記号字再利用第四部詞典把它們譯为日語,然后打印出来。翻譯一句象“I have some eggs in myhand.”的簡单句子,包括輸入、輸出所需要的时間在內,約需10秒钟。
A fully semiconductor computer for the purpose of machine translation experiments in Britain and Japan has recently been manufactured. Program testing is currently underway. This article is an organization that describes the translation principles and block diagrams on this special purpose computer called “Yamato.” The Yamato machine’s switching elements share a total of 600 semiconductor transistors and 7000 germanium diodes. It can work both variable and fixed word length and can do 46 different “1 + 1” address codes. Data recorded on the drum, a total of 820,000 binary. There are four dictionaries recorded on the drum: English word dictionaries, idiom dictionaries, syntactic dictionaries and Japanese dictionaries, and a translator of nearly 4,000 instructions (32 bits long for each instruction). When looking up an English dictionary, each English word given in the sentence should be transformed into an 8-mark message group indicating the grammatical nature of the English word and the location of the corresponding Japanese word. As the grammatical structure of these two languages is very different between Britain and Japan, it is usually not possible for both languages to translate word by word as they can between European languages. The program is used to find out the grammatical structure of the English sentence to be translated and to adjust the order of the individual words so that it conforms to the corresponding Japanese grammar. After the word order has been adjusted, each 8-mark word is re-used in the fourth dictionary and translated into Japanese, then printed. It takes about 10 seconds to translate a simple sentence like “I have some eggs in myhand.”, Including the time required for input and output.