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自改革开放以来,伴随着市场化改革进程的不断推进,我国电力、电信、铁路等自然垄断行业的市场优势地位更加凸显。为了保持社会发展稳定,人民生活安定,我国从上个世纪80年代初就在自然垄断行业中建立了价格管制制度。但是二十多年的实践表明,价格管制制度在我国自然垄断行业中的效果并不理想。根据国家垄断经营产品价格问题课题组的《国家垄断经营产品调查》显示:1998年与1978年相比,邮电价格上涨4.15倍;铁路
Since the reform and opening up, along with the constant progress of the marketization reform process, the market dominant position of the natural monopoly industries such as power, telecommunications and railway in our country has become even more prominent. In order to maintain social stability and ensure people’s livelihood, our country has set up a price control system in the natural monopoly industries since the early 1980s. However, more than two decades of practice have shown that the price control system is not effective in the natural monopoly industries in China. According to the State Monopoly Management Product Survey conducted by the Task Force on the Price of National Monopoly Products, the price of post and telecommunications increased 4.15 times in 1998 compared with that in 1978; the railway