开发任何课题,不管该课题是一个具有数据通信网络的计算机系统,还是在厨房的碗柜上安装一把新锁,计划和设计是重要的基本方面。 在以计算机为基础的通信系统的初期,很多系统失败了。在这种情况下,使用术语“系统失效”来表示或者系统不能工作,或者不能 Developing any issue, whether the subject is a computer system with a data communications network or installing a new lock on a cupboard in a kitchen, planning and designing are an essential element. In the early days of computer-based communication systems, many systems failed. In this case, the term “system failure” is used to indicate either that the system is not working or not