卵母细胞冷冻保存技术越来越多地应用于人类辅助生殖,但冷冻保存效率和冷冻损伤仍然制约其在临床上的普遍应用。冷冻保存会引起皮质颗粒的提前释放,透明带硬化;还会影响纺锤体和染色体的形态及超微结构,最终降低卵母细胞的发育能力。因此,需进一步研究卵母细胞冷冻损伤的机制,改进冷冻保护剂和冷冻方法。 Cryopreservation of oocytes is increasingly used in human assisted reproduction, but cryopreservation efficiency and freeze injury still restrict their clinical application. Cryopreservation can cause premature release of cortical granules, zona pellucida hardening; also affect the spindle and chromosome morphology and ultrastructure, and ultimately reduce oocyte developmental ability. Therefore, further study of the mechanism of oocyte cryogenic injury, cryoprotectants and freezing methods should be improved.