大学生社团参与对毕业生起薪的影响

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本文利用中国人民大学的首都大学生成长追踪调查(BCSPS)2009—2011年的数据,对大学生参与社团和担任社团干部对毕业生起薪的影响进行详细分析,利用代理变量、工具变量以及匹配方法,充分验证了结果的稳健性.本文发现,大学期间的社团参与经历可以显著地使大学毕业生的起薪提高10%左右,且社团干部经历会进一步增加这一收入溢价.本文还从社团参与数量、社团参与时间等多方面考察社团参与的收入回报情况,发现适时适量参与社团对起薪的提高效果最好,其超时过量反而会削弱其正向作用;社团参与对低收入水平的毕业生的起薪的增长作用更明显,而社团干部经历对中低收入水平的毕业生的起薪的提高更有利.此外,本文基于中介分析的思想,从人力资本渠道和社会资本渠道探究社团参与和社团干部的收入溢价的原因:社团参与对起薪的正向作用主要是通过增加个体社会资本而引起的,而社团干部的起薪溢价主要是因为社团干部经历提高了自身的人力资本的附加值.本文的研究揭示了加强"第二课堂成绩单"制度建设对我国高层次人才起到的直接积极作用,同时对制定更精准、有效的措施来发挥高校社团的作用具有重要的政策意义.
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