长江流域的洪水主要由暴雨形成,流域的洪水灾害也是由大暴雨及特大暴雨引起。因此,长江流域的暴雨历来就成为人们极为关注的对象。但对流域暴雨的气候特点仅有过较粗略的分析,且仅限于上游地区。我们根据1962—1981年水文系统260余站及气象部门60余站的暴雨资料,从气候上,对长江全流域的暴雨进 Floods in the Yangtze River Basin are mainly caused by heavy rainfalls. Flood disasters in the river basin are also caused by heavy storms and heavy rainstorms. Therefore, the torrential rain in the Yangtze River Basin has always been the subject of great concern. However, the climatic characteristics of the heavy rain in the basin have been analyzed only marginally and are limited to the upper reaches. Based on the rainfall data of more than 260 stations in the hydrological system from 1962 to 1981 and more than 60 stations in the meteorological department,