流感为一种极重要的病毒性急性呼吸道传染病,至今仍严重地危害着人类健康和经济建设,对畜牧业和养禽业也造成灾难性破坏。因此,欧、美、日、澳等发达的国家一贯重视对流感的研究。流感监测是预防流感的一个重要环节,世界各国在流感监测方面进行了大量工作,发展了许多分子生物学技术,从而使长期以来无法解释的一些现象得到解释,纠正了过去一些不正确的看法,并且有新的发现。疫苗尤其灭活苗仍为当今预防流感最有效的方法之一,基因工程疫苗的研制已 Influenza is an extremely important viral acute respiratory disease that still seriously endangers human health and economic construction so far. It has also caused catastrophic damage to animal husbandry and poultry industries. Therefore, the developed countries in Europe, the United States, Japan, Australia and other countries have always attached importance to the study of influenza. Influenza surveillance is an important part of influenza prevention. Countries all over the world have done a great deal of work on influenza surveillance and have developed many molecular biology techniques, so as to explain a long history of unexplained phenomena and correct some incorrect opinions in the past. And new discoveries. Vaccines, especially inactivated vaccine is still one of the most effective methods to prevent influenza today, the development of genetic engineering vaccine has been