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目的了解北京市流动中小学生超重和肥胖流行状况及影响因素,为采取相应干预措施提供理论依据。方法利用多阶段整群抽样,于2010年6月对北京市2 461名小学一年级至初中三年级流动中小学生超重与肥胖状况及可能的影响因素进行分析。结果流动中小学生超重发生率为8.6%,且男生(9.9%)高于女生(7.0%)(P<0.05),流动中小学生肥胖发生率为5.5%,男生(6.9%)亦高于女生(3.8%)(P<0.05);小学生超重发生率为8.9%,中学生为8.0%,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),小学生肥胖发生率(6.4%)高于中学生(3.5%)(P<0.05);多元回归分析结果显示,父母超重及有电脑且能上网是超重的危险因素;男性、流动时间较长、家庭子女数较少、母亲文化程度较高、父母肥胖及锻炼时间较少是肥胖的危险因素。结论流动中小学生超重与肥胖的发生与多种因素有关,除家庭环境因素外,生活方式及遗传也是可能的影响因素。
Objective To understand prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among migrant primary and secondary school students in Beijing and to provide theoretical basis for taking corresponding intervention measures. Methods By using multistage cluster sampling, we analyzed the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 2 461 first-to-third-grade primary and secondary school students in Beijing in June 2010 and possible influencing factors. Results The prevalence of overweight among primary and middle school students was 8.6% (9.9%) and 7.0% (P0.05). The incidence of obesity among migrant primary school students was 5.5% and that of male students (6.9%) was higher than that of female students 3.8%, P <0.05). The incidence of overweight was 8.9% in primary school students and 8.0% in middle school students. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) (P <0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that parents were overweight and had a computer and had access to the Internet was a risk factor for overweight. Men, longer time to migrate, fewer children of the family, higher education level of mothers, obesity and exercise time Less is a risk factor for obesity. Conclusions The occurrence of overweight and obesity in primary and middle school students is related to many factors. Besides family environment, lifestyle and heredity are also possible influencing factors.